Exploring Agroecological Approaches for Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development: A Comprehensive Review
Sujan Bhandari
G. P. Koirala College of Agriculture and Research Centre, Purbanchal University, Gothgaun, Morang, Nepal, India.
Bishnu Yadav *
G. P. Koirala College of Agriculture and Research Centre, Purbanchal University, Gothgaun, Morang, Nepal, India.
Pawan Kumar Yadav
G. P. Koirala College of Agriculture and Research Centre, Purbanchal University, Gothgaun, Morang, Nepal, India.
Vivek Lahutiya
G. P. Koirala College of Agriculture and Research Centre, Purbanchal University, Gothgaun, Morang, Nepal, India.
Sudip Koirala
College of Natural Resource Management, Agriculture and Forestry University, Pakhribas, Dhankuta, Nepal, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Agroecology, as an interdisciplinary field, integrates ecological principles into agricultural systems to promote sustainability. This paper examines the pivotal role of agroecological approaches in fostering sustainable agriculture and rural development. Initially concentrated on enhancing crop productivity and resilience, agroecology has evolved to encompass broader dimensions, including environmental stewardship, social equity, and economic viability. By emphasizing the sustainable use of resources and adopting diverse strategies, agroecology addresses contemporary challenges in agricultural production. This review synthesizes existing literature on the fundamental concepts and principles of agroecology, highlighting its profound implications for sustainable agriculture and rural development. By exploring agroecological approaches at various scales, from plot-level interventions to systemic changes within the food system, this paper underscores the critical linkage between agroecology and the pursuit of sustainable agricultural practices and rural prosperity.
Keywords: Agroecology, sustainable agriculture, agroecological principles, ecological political economy, agro-population ecology, integrated assessment of agricultural systems