Intervention of Smallholder Homegarden Agroforestry Enhanced Soil Fertility Status and Soil Organic Carbon Stock in Tigray Lowlands, Northern Ethiopia
Kiros Abay *
Shire-Maitsebri Agricultural Research Center, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, Ethiopia.
Sarah Tewolde- Berhan
Department of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, Mekelle University, Ethiopia.
Kassa Teka
Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Mekelle University, Ethiopia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Justification: To reverse the challenges of land degradation, improve soil fertility and access to feed and wood, communities in the lowlands of northern Ethiopia started to establish homegarden agroforestry (HAF) decades ago. However, limited information is available and there was information gap on the effects of homegarden agroforestry systems (HAF) on soil properties and soil organic carbon stock enhancement in the Tigray lowlands, Northern Ethiopia.
Aim: The objective of this was to explore the effect of conversion of mono-cropping systems (MCS) to HAF in Tselemti district, Tigray lowland, Northern Ethiopia.
Materials, Methods and Statistical Methods Used: Two land use types, HAF and MCS fields replicated 15 times were considered. Thus, 30 fields, 15 from HAF & 15 from MCS were used. From each field, 1 composite soil sample for analysis of soil nutrients and 1 undisturbed soil sample for soil bulk density (BD) determination were collected from a depth of 0-30cm. All values were subjected to SPSS version 20 and analyzed using paired samples t-Test statistics at 5% level of significance.
Results: The intervention of HAF resulted in significantly higher (p<0.05) and enhance SOC by 76% (1.66 +0.06 and 0.94 + 0.05 %); SOC stock by 82% (73+ 3 and 40+2); N by 75% (0.14 +0.02 and 0.08 + 0.01 %);avP by 37% (6.07 +0.58 and 4.42 + 0.21 ppm) and K by 26% (67.05+ 4.5 and 53.39+ 4.3 mg kg-1) (p<0.05) as compared to the MCS.
Conclusion: This study elucidated that home gardening can help for maintaining soil nutrients and soil organic carbon stock. Hence, additional HAF have to be established in the area and in areas with similar bio-physical and socio-economic set up and the government should establish programs and campaigns to disseminate HAF systems and promote the importance of the land use.
Keywords: Homegarden agroforestry, mono-cropping system, soil fertility, soil organic carbon stock